Omgeving / Klimaat / Range
Ecologie
; marien demersaal; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepteverspreiding 0 - 550 m (Ref. 6793). Temperate, preferred 9°C (Ref. 107945); 61°N - 28°N, 163°E - 114°W
Eastern Pacific: from Russia to Agattu Island, north to Nunivak Island, Alaska, then South to Mexico, Baja California, Mexico. Hybridizes with Platichthys stellatus - the hybrid, called Inopsetta ischyra, may be found from the Bering Sea to San Francisco, California, USA.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?, range 30 - 32 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 6885); 57.0 cm TL (female); common length : 33.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 56527); Maximaal gepubliceerd gewicht: 1.5 kg (Ref. 56527); Maximaal vermelde leeftijd: 22 jaren (Ref. 55701)
Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 72-92; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 45 - 70; Wervels: 41 - 44. Dorsal origin above middle of upper eye. Pectorals inclined to be pointed.
Adults inhabit sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 4925). Young occur in intertidal areas. Feed on small crustaceans, marine worms, brittle stars and small mollusks (Ref. 6885). Spawning adults make extensive migrations (Ref. 6885).
Cooper, J.A. and F. Chapleau, 1998. Monophyly and intrarelationships of the family Pleuronectidae (Pleuronectiformes), with a revised classification. Fish. Bull. 96(4):686-726. (Ref. 30193)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Gevaarlijk voor mensen
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; vis voor de hengelsport: ja
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00363 - 0.00954), b=3.03 (2.89 - 3.17), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; Based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
69278): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (tm=3; tmax=22; K=0.24; Fec=150,000).
Prior r = 0.47, 2 SD range = 0.27 - 0.83, log(r) = -0.76, SD log(r) = 0.28, Based on: 1 M, 1 K, 5 tgen, 1 tmax, 2 Fec records
Kwetsbaarheid (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100) .
