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Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) >
Congridae (Conger and garden eels) > Congrinae
Etymology: Conger: Latin, conger = conger (Ref. 45335).
Περιβάλλον / Κλίμα / Εύρος
Οικολογία
; Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); ωκεανόδρομο(ς) (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 0 - 1171 m (Ref. 56504). Temperate, preferred 15°C (Ref. 107945); 68°N - 12°N, 32°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland to Senegal. Also in the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 200.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4453); common length : 100.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4645); common length :150 cm TL (female); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 110.0 kg (Ref. 35388)
Found on rocky and sandy bottoms (Ref. 12382). Depth range from 0-500 m (Ref. 4453) and from 305-1171 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). It stays near the coast when young and moves toward deeper waters upon reaching adulthood (Ref. 5377). A nocturnal (Ref. 12382) predator of fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods (Ref. 6521). Like other species of the group, it reproduces only once in its life (Ref. 5377). Sexually mature at an age of 5-15 years. Spawn in summer in the Atlantic off Portugal and in the Mediterranean. Produces 3-8 million of eggs (Ref. 35388). Marketed fresh and frozen. Eaten fried and baked (Ref. 9988).
Eggs are deposited in the open sea, at depths between 2,000 and 3,000 m (Ref. 12382).
Smith, D.G., 1990. Congridae. p. 156-167. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4453)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί; Ενυδρείο: Δημόσια ενυδρεία
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00039 (0.00029 - 0.00052), b=3.26 (3.19 - 3.33), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.4 se; Based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
69278): Πολύ χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού > 14 έτη (K=0.06; tm=5-15 (female tm>10); Fec=3,000,000).
Prior r = 0.27, 2 SD range = 0.16 - 0.46, log(r) = -1.31, SD log(r) = 0.27, Based on: 2 K, 2 tgen, 2 Fec records
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100) .