Classification / Names
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ऐकटीनोप्टीरेजी (रेज़-फिन्नढ मछलियाँ) >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens) > Dorosomatinae
Etymology: Sardinella: Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia; diminutive (Ref. 45335). More on author: Valenciennes.
पर्यावरण / जलवायु / सीमा
पारिस्थितिकी
; समुद्री; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 20 - 200 m (Ref. 28016). Tropical, preferred 28°C (Ref. 107945); 25°N - 7°N, 57°E - 81°E (Ref. 54872)
Indian Ocean: northern and western parts only, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, but apparently not Red Sea or the Persian Gulf, eastward to southern part of India, on eastern coast to Andhra; possibly to the Andaman Islands. Thus, studies pertaining to this species from the Philippines or Indonesia probably refer to Sardinella lemuru.
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 16.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 188); common length : 20.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 188); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 200.00 g (Ref. 4883); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 3 वर्षो (Ref. 3689)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 13-21; गुदा कांटा 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 12 - 23; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 45 - 49. Body sub-cylindrical; a faint golden spot behind gill opening, followed by a faint golden mid-lateral line; a distinct black spot at hind border of gill cover (absence of pigment). Distinguished from all clupeids in the northern Indian Ocean by its pelvic fin ray count of i 8; from S. neglecta and S. lemuru by its longer head and more lower gill rakers. No prominent keel. See also Refs. 3683, 818 and 393 .
Coastal pelagic (Ref. 68964). Forms schools in coastal waters and strongly migratory. Feeds mainly on phytoplankton (especially diatoms) and small crustaceans (Ref. 30573). Breeds once a year off western coasts of India when temperatures and salinity are low during the southwest monsoon months. Spawning peaks in August-September. Occurs at temperatures of 22.0-28.0 °C (Ref. 3689). Marketed fresh, dried and dried-salted. Also sold smoked and canned (Ref. 9987). Also made into fish meal and fish balls.
Spawning usually takes place at night (Ref. 810).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00669 - 0.01034), b=3.02 (2.98 - 3.06), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 2.4 ±0.22 se; Based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
69278): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (K=0.5-1.4; tm=2; tmax=3).
Prior r = 0.93, 2 SD range = 0.54 - 1.58, log(r) = -0.07, SD log(r) = 0.27, Based on: 2 M, 12 K, 2 tgen, 3 tmax, 2 Fec records
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100) .
