Actinopterygii (Straalvinnigen) >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens) > Dorosomatinae
Etymology: Opisthonema: Greek, opisthe = behind + Greek,nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
Omgeving / Klimaat / Range
Ecologie
; marien; diepteverspreiding ? - 70 m (Ref. 96339), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 11035). Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 28°N - 3°S, 112°W - 78°W (Ref. 54686)
Eastern Pacific: Santa Rosalita, Pacific coast of Baja, California, Mexico southward to Punta Sal and Punta Picos, Peru. (Earlier works probably combined data for Opisthonema bulleri and Opisthonema medirastre). Range is extended northwards to San Pedro, California (Ref. 35601). Rare on outer coast of Baja California Sur (Ref. 35601).
Size / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 55763); common length : 22.0 cm SL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 9291)
Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 13-21; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 12 - 23. The filamentous last dorsal fin ray distinguishes it from members of any other eastern Pacific clupeoid genus. Separated from eastern Pacific Opisthonema species by having 63 to 110 lower gill rakers in fishes over 14 cm standard length.
Usually occur near the surface of coastal and offshore waters, down to over bottom of continental shelf (Ref. 11035). Form dense schools. Apparently the most abundant of the eastern Pacific species of Opisthonema. Feed on phytoplankton (dinoflagellates and diatoms). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35601). It is reduced to fish meal (Ref. 9291). Oil may be extracted (Ref. 9291). May be canned (Ref. 9291).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Gevaarlijk voor mensen
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van groot commercieel belang; aas: occasionally
Meer informatie
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00525 - 0.01379), b=3.02 (2.89 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.28 se; Based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
69278): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (K=0.22-0.5).
Kwetsbaarheid (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100) .
