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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes)
Etymology: Trematomus: Greek, trematos = hole + Greek, tomo = section, cut (Ref. 45335); bernacchii: Species name bernacchii honors Louis Bernarcchi, an Australian physicist-meteorologist; specimen collected on the Southern Cross Expedition and served on Scott's 1901 expedition (Ref. 45168). More on author: Boulenger.

Issue
This species is placed in the genus Pseudotrematomus in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jul. 2010: Ref. 84883).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 700 m (Ref. 11892), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 45168). Polar, preferred ?; 61°S - 78°S

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Southern Ocean: Peter Island, South Shetland, Elephant and South Orkney islands. Mac-Robertson, Queen Mary, Adelie Coasts, Weddell, Davis and Ross seas. East Antarctica from Queen Maud Land to Terre Adelie.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5179); 35.0 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2121); max. reported age: 10 years (Ref. 5179)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 4 - 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 34-39; Anal soft rays: 31 - 35. Body brownish, large dark spots in two or three series on body. Spinous dorsal blackish in upper part (Ref. 11892).

Found in seafloors, well adapted to extremely low and stable temperatures (-1.86°C, annual mean temperature of McMurdo Sound) (Ref. 45168). Feed on polychaetes, gastropods, isopods, amphipods and few algae. Spawn once a year (Ref. 1071). Utilized for human consumption.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Not Evaluated

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

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Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00294 - 0.01353), b=3.19 (3.01 - 3.37), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.19-0.91; tm=3-6; tmax=10; Fec=1,200-3,123).

Prior r = 0.35, 2 SD range = 0.11 - 1.06, log(r) = -1.05, SD log(r) = 0.56, Based on: 4 K, 4 tgen, 2 tmax, 9 Fec records

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Trematomus bernacchii Boulenger, 1902