Family Hemitripteridae - Sea ravens or sailfin sculpins
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 3 | Species : 8 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : No |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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none |
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First Fossil Record |
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Remark |
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Distribution: northwestern Atlantic and North Pacific. Head and body covered with minute 'prickles' (modified, platelike scales bearing a single skin-covered spine). Frontoparietal ridgle knobby. Preopercular spines 3 or 4, mostly blunt and skin-covered. Two dorsal fins, the first with 6-19 spines, the second with 11-30 soft rays. Anal fin with 11-12 soft rays. Pelvic fins with 1 spine and 3 soft rays. Lateral line canal complete , opening through numerous pores (more than 35). Vomerine and palatine teeth present. Gill membranes broadly attached to the isthmus or forming a free fold across the isthmus. Branchiostegal rays 6. Gill rakers in the form of low, spinous lates or knobs. Swim bladder absent. Vertebrae 35-41. External genital papilla presnt in males of some species. Bands and other pigmentation present and consistent but colors varying in some species with habitat, particularly in Hemitripterus. Maximum size about 73 cm. Marine, primarily demersal; intertidal to depths of 420 m or more, most species shallower than 200 m. Feeds mostly on small invertebrates. Also Ref. 7463. |
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Etymology |
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Greek, hemi = half + Greek, tri = three + Greek, pteryx = wing ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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guarders |
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Typical activity level |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Perciformes | Cottoidei | Hemitripteridae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Hemitripterus americanus (Gmelin, 1789) | accepted | senior | new | |
Scorpaena americana Gmelin, 1789 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Cottus acadian Walbaum, 1792 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Cottus hispidus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Cottus tripterygius Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Scorpaena americana Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Scorpaena flava Mitchill, 1815 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Scorpaena purpurea Mitchill, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Scorpaena rufa Mitchill, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hemitripterus americanus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hemitripterus acadianus Storer, 1853 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hemitripterus villosus (Pallas, 1814) | accepted | senior | new | |
Cottus villosus Pallas, 1814 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Hemitripterus sinensis Sauvage, 1873 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hemitripterus cavifrons Lockington, 1880 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Hemitripterus americanus (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Hemitripterus bolini (Myers, 1934) | accepted | senior | new | |
Ulca bolini Myers, 1934 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Hemitripterus boline (Myers, 1934) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Ucla bolini Myers, 1934 | synonym | senior | original | |
Hemitripterus marmoratus Bean, 1890 | ambiguous | homonym | original | 2 |
Ulca marmorata (Bean, 1890) | ambiguous | homonym | new | |
Blepsias cirrhosus (Pallas, 1814) | accepted | senior | new | |
Trachinus cirrhosus Pallas, 1814 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Blepsias trilobus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Blepsias draciscus Jordan & Starks, 1904 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Blepsias bilobus Cuvier, 1829 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Histiocottus bilobus (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new | |
Nautichthys oculofasciatus (Girard, 1858) | accepted | senior | new | |
Blepsias oculofasciatus Girard, 1858 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Nautichthys pribilovius (Jordan & Gilbert, 1898) | accepted | senior | new | |
Nautiscus pribilovius Jordan & Gilbert, 1898 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Nautichthys robustus Peden, 1970 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |