| Main Ref. | Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | none |
| Body shape lateral | short and / or deep |
| Cross section | compressed |
| Dorsal head profile | clearly convex |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | terminal |
| Diagnosis |
Caudal fin without a pair of black blotches. Maxillary extending below middle of lower eye. Pectoral fin much shorter than head. Gill rakers serrated. Head large, more than 1/4 of SL. In male, pelvic fin on ocular side elongate, its fin membrane with many small jet-black spots. Dwarf species, attains only 70 mm SL. |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 37 - 42 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | 0 |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 6 - 7 |
| on upper limb | 0 - 0 |
| total | 6 - 7 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | extending over most of the back length |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 79 - 83 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | more or less truncate; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 0 - 0 |
| Soft-rays total | 60 - 64 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 11 - 12 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position jugular behind origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |