| Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | always different colors between mature adults |
| Remarks | Adult male generally darker than female (Ref. 90102). |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | compressed |
| Dorsal head profile | clearly convex |
| Type of eyes | eyes with fixed fatty (adipose) tissue/eyelids |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | terminal |
| Diagnosis |
Description: Dusky golden or blackish to silvery grey dorsally, shading to silvery grey ventrally; often with scattered small dark spots, fins usually pigmented grey to black (Ref. 2334, Ref. 90102). Body oblong and compressed, dorsal profile strongly convex anteriorly, ventral profile slightly convex (Ref. 90102). Breast scaleless ventrally, typically with small to large patch of pelvic or prepelvic scales; LL scutes 26-38, strong (Ref. 2334, Ref. 90102). Pectoral fins falcate; anal fin with 2 detached spines (Ref. 2334). Adipose eyelid moderately developed, small anteriorly and extending forward to rear edge of pupil on posterior part of eye (Ref. 90102). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 0 - 4 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | 0 |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 15 - 17 |
| on upper limb | 5 - 7 |
| total | 20 - 24 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | other |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 9 - 9 |
| Soft-rays total | 17 - 22 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | forked; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Spines total | 3 - 3 |
| Soft-rays total | 15 - 17 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 19 - 21 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position thoracic before origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |