Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 76.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3496); max. published weight: 4.5 kg (Ref. 4699); max. reported age: 84 years (Ref. 39247)
Length at first maturity
Lm 44.0, range 27 - 54 cm
Environment
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 838 m (Ref. 55644), usually 90 - 270 m (Ref. 36715)
Climate / Range
Subtropical, preferred 5°C (Ref. 107945); 61°N - 31°N, 154°W - 116°W
Distribution
Short description
Dorsal
spines
(total): 13;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 14-15;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 7. Head spines strong to moderate - nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic and parietal spines present, coronal and nuchal spines absent (Ref. 27437). Scales on lower jaw embedded; anal fin with a strong anterior slant (Ref. 27437). Caudal fin strongly indented (Ref. 6885). Bright yellow to orange mottled on a gray background; 3 orange stripes across head; fins orange; specimens less than 35.56 cm with dark markings on posterior part of spinous dorsal; gray along lateral line (Ref. 27437).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Tools
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
3.8 ±0.61 se; Based on food items.
Resilience
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tm=7; tmax=84; Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717); Fec=85,000 (annual fecundity))
Vulnerability
High vulnerability (62 of 100)
Price category