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Classification / Names

इलाज़मौबरांकी (शारक और रेज़) (sharks and rays) > Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks) > Cetorhinidae (Basking sharks)
आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Акула гигантская, Pèlerin, Peregrino, ... more

Main reference

Compagno, L.J.V. 1984. (Ref. 247)
संदर्भ | Biblio | संयोजक : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | सहयोगीयो

आकार / वज़न / Age

Max length : 1,520 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 247); 980.0 cm TL (female); common length : 700 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 6077); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 4.0 t (Ref. 4645)

Length at first maturity
L_m ?, range 500 - 980 cm

पर्यावरण

; समुद्री; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 0 - 2000 m (Ref. 26346), usually 0 - ? m (Ref. 55197)

जलवायु / सीमा

Temperate; 6°C - 24°C (Ref. 88171), preferred 17°C (Ref. 107945); 75°N - 58°S, 112°E - 42°E (Ref. 84930)

वितरण

Cosmopolitan, frequent in cold to warm temperate waters; rare in equatorial waters (Ref. 48844). Highly migratory species, Annex I of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea (Ref. 26139). At risk of extinction by overfishing because of low to very low productivity (Ref. 36717). Appendix II (Mediterranean) of the Bern Convention (2002). Appendix I and II of the Bonn Convention (2009). International trade restricted (CITES Appendix II, since 28.5.2003).
देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | भूमिका

Short description

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 0; गुदा कांटा 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 0. Distinguished from all other sharks by the enormous gill slits practically encircling the head; dermal denticle gill rakers; pointed snout; huge, sub terminal mouth with minute hooked teeth; caudal peduncle with strong lateral keels, and lunate caudal fin. Body covered with placoid scales. Blackish to grey-brown, grey, or blue-grey, often with irregular white blotches under the head and abdomen (Ref. 43278). Also Ref. 309, 5983.

The second largest shark, reportedly reaching 1,220-1,520 cm TL (Ref. 247). Thought to live up to 50 years (Ref. 9030, 89083). Semi-oceanic or oceanic species, highly migratory (Ref. 43278). Found on continental and insular shelves, offshore and often close to land, just off the surf zone; enters enclosed bays (Ref. 247). Coastal-pelagic at 1 meter to unknown depths, probably epipelagic (Ref. 58302). Occurs singly, in pairs or groups of 3 or more, or in huge schools (group of up to 100 individuals has been reported) (Ref. 6871, 43278). Prefers water temperature between 8-16 °C (Ref. 88171). Makes extensive horizontal and vertical movements along the continental shelf and shelf edge to utilize productive feeding areas (Ref. 50200). During the summer months, it is found near the surface of boreal to warm-temperate areas (Ref. 43278) feeding on zooplankton by filtering (Ref. 88781). Found in deeper waters during winter (Ref. 6871, 50200, 58302). Undertakes long transoceanic migrations (e.g. from the British Isles to Newfoundland, Canada (Ref. 88824)) and moves between the northern and southern hemisphere in tropical mesopelagic water (Ref. 88825). These migrations have been found to cover distances of over 9,000 km. May form segregations by size or sex (Ref. 88171). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Regarded as ordinarily harmless and inoffensive but potentially dangerous if attacked (particularly when harpooned) (Ref. 247). In Bay of Fundy, Canada parasitic lampreys have been found attached to the back of basking sharks and sucking their blood (Ref. 83375). Utilized fresh, frozen and dried, or salted (Ref. 9987). Also valued for its liver for oil, fins for soup, hide for leather and carcass for fishmeal (Ref. 247). May be a potential source of anti-carcinoma drugs (Ref. 6034, 6035). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Threatened due to bycatch fisheries (Ref. 83294).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

वेदनीय, आई यु सी ऐन लाल सूची देखें। (VU) (A2ad+3d)

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic (Ref. 247)

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक

अधिक जानकारी

देश
ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र
Ecosystems
संयोग
भूमिका
Stocks
पारिस्थितिकी
आहार
खाद्य पदार्थ
आहार खपत
खोराक

आम नाम
उपशब्द
चपायचय
परभक्षी
ईकोटोकसीकोलौजी
पुनरुत्पत्ति
परिपक्व अवधि
मछलीऔ का अंडे देना
Fecundity
अंडे
Egg development

Age/Size
बाढ़
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
मौरफोमैटरिक्स
आकृति विज्ञान
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी
भर्ती
बहुतायत

संदर्भ
जलीयकृषि
जलीयकृषि रूपरेखा
खींच
आनुवंशिकी
ऐल्लि आवृतियाँ
हैरेटिबिलटी
बीमारी
प्रक्रमण
Mass conversion

सहयोगीयो
तस्वीरे
Stamps, Coins
ध्वनि
सिगुयटिरा
रफ्तार
तैरने के प्रकार
गिल क्षेत्र
Otoliths
दिमाग
दृष्टि

साधन

Special reports

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Summary page | Point data | आम नाम | Photos

इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 1.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.2 ±0.3 se; Based on diet studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 69278)
बहुत नीचे, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 14 महीने। (Fec=1-2; Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717))

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Very high vulnerability (86 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low

Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765)