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Salvelinus alpinus alpinus  (Linnaeus, 1758)

Arctic char
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Salvelinus alpinus alpinus
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Sweden country information

Common names: Fjällröding, Röding
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurrence: Native and regular (Ref. 30402).
National Checklist: Sweden checklist - Fish
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Blanc, M., J.-L. Gaudet, P. Banarescu and J.-C. Hureau, 1971
National Database: Swedish Museum of Natural History

Classification / Names

ऐकटीनोप्टीरेजी (रेज़-फिन्नढ मछलियाँ) > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Issue
The species Salvelinus aureolus Bean, 1887 is considered as valid in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. May 2011: Ref. 86870) following Fuller et al. (1999: Ref. 87253). Treated as synonym of Salvelinus alpinus oquassa by Qadi (1974: Ref. 87252); and probably a synonym of Salvelinus alpinus

Main reference

आकार / वज़न / Age

Max length : 107 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 40637); common length : 40.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 4779); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 15.0 kg (Ref. 4779); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 40 वर्षो (Ref. 46974)

Length at first maturity
Lm 60.0  range ? - ? cm

पर्यावरण

; समुद्री; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल; खारा बेनथोपिलाजिक; ऐनाढरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 0 - 70 m (Ref. 30578), usually 0 - 1 m (Ref. 101587)

जलवायु / सीमा

Temperate; 4°C - 16°C (Ref. 2059), preferred ? (Ref. 107945); 85°N - 42°N, 180°W - 180°E

वितरण

Europe: northern Atlantic southward to southern Norway, also Iceland and southern Greenland. Isolated populations in Northern UK, Scandinavia, Finland and the Alps. North America: Landlocked populations in Quebec, Canada and in Maine and New Hampshire in USA (Ref. 7251).
देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | भूमिका

Short description

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 4 - 5; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 8-16; गुदा कांटा 3-4; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 7 - 15; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 62 - 68. Distinguished by the presence of 23 to 32 gill rakers, 37 to 75 pyloric caeca and, on the sides and back, pink to red spots, the largest of which are usually larger than the pupil of the eye (Ref. 27547). Lateral line curves slightly downward from the head (Ref. 27547). Pelvic fins with axillary process; caudal emarginate (Ref. 27547). Color highly variable, depending on location, time of year and degree of sexual development. In general, back is dark, usually rather brown but sometimes with a green cast; the sides are lighter, belly pale; sides and back are liberally sprinkled with pink to red spots, the largest spots along the lateral line usually larger than the pupil of the eye; forward edges of pectoral, pelvic and anal fins, and sometimes the caudal, with a narrow white margin; fins pale in young, dorsal and caudal dark in adults (Ref. 27547). Spawning adults, especially males, are brilliant orange-red to bright red on the ventral side and on the pectoral, pelvic and anal fins. Young have about 11 dark parr marks on each side (Ref. 27547). Caudal fin with 19 rays (Ref. 2196).

जीवविज्ञान     शब्द संग्रह (उदाहरणार्थ epibenthic)

Anadromous forms spend a considerable time of their lives at sea; non-migratory populations remain in lakes and rivers (Ref. 4779). Found in rivers, estuaries and lakes with cold, clear water. Occurs mainly in lakes. At the sea, lives along coasts (Ref. 59043). Inhabits deep runs and pools of medium to large rivers, and lakes (Ref. 5723). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Freshwater populations feed on planktonic crustaceans, amphipods, mollusks, insects and fishes (Ref. 4479). Anadromous individuals feed little in freshwater and never feed during migrations. Spawning usually takes place on pebble to stone bottom in lakes. Riverine stocks spawn in rivers with slow current (02.-0.8 m/s), but there are some riverine anadromous stocks (in Norway) which spawn in fast-flowing waters of riffles (Ref. 59043). Extremely sensitive to water pollution (cold water and oxygen oriented) (Ref. 2163). Marketed fresh, smoked, canned (Ref. 27547), and frozen. Eaten sautéed, broiled, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Parasitized by tapeworm (Ref. 37032).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Threat to humans

  Harmless



Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; जलीयकृषि: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां

साधन

Special reports

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
4.4   ±0.5 se; Based on diet studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 69278)
निम्न, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 4.5 - 14 वर्ष। (tm=7-10; tmax=24; Fec=400)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100)
Price category (Ref. 80766)
Very high