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Pleuronectes platessa  Linnaeus, 1758

European plaice
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Image of Pleuronectes platessa (European plaice)
Pleuronectes platessa
Picture by Greenfield, J.

Sweden country information

Common names: Rödspätta, Rödspotta, Skålla
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: FAO, 1992
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurrence: Native and regular (Ref. 30402).
National Checklist: Sweden checklist - Fish
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Muus, B. and P. Dahlström, 1978
National Database: Swedish Museum of Natural History

Classificação / Names

Actinopterygii (peixes com raios nas barbatanas) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Камбала морская, Plie d'Europe, Solla europea, ... more

Referência principal

Cooper, J.A. and F. Chapleau. 1998. (Ref. 30193)
 Referências | Bibliografia | Coordenador : Amaoka, Kunio | Colaboradores

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Max length : 100.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 4705); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3397); Peso máx. publicado: 7.0 kg (Ref. 173); Idade máx. registada: 50 anos (Ref. 173)

Length at first maturity
 Lm 30.8, range 24 - 42 cm

Ambiente

; marinhas; estuarina demersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 35388), usually 10 - 50 m (Ref. 35388)

Clima / Intervalo

Temperate; 2°C - 15°C (Ref. 5504), preferred 12°C (Ref. 107945); 72°N - 36°N, 54°W - 45°E

Distribuição

Northern Sea. Reports from the Mediterranean Sea appear to be misidentifications of P. flesus. It may have been present in some areas of the Mediterranean in the past, as a result of climatic changes related to the ice age, but at present times seem to be absent (Ref. 89040).
 Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Introduções

Descrição breve

Espinhos dorsais (total): 0; Raios dorsais moles (total): 65-79; Espinhos anais 0; Raios anais moles: 48 - 59. Smooth with small scales. Bony ridge behind the eyes. Upper side brown or greenish brown with irregularly distributed bright red or orange spots. The underside is white. Lateral line straight, slightly curved above pectoral fin. Dorsal fin reaching eye. More than 30 vertebrae.

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Adults live on mixed bottoms, the older the deeper the occurrence; small individuals are usually seen on bathing beaches (Ref. 9988). Occurs on mud and sand bottom from a few meters down to about 100 m, at sea, estuaries and rarely entering freshwaters (Ref. 59043). Reported as resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612). Feed mainly on thin-shelled mollusks and polychaetes. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). The most important flatfish for fisheries in Europe. Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Active at night in the very shallow water while day time is spent buried in the sand. Stationary for long periods, tagging experiments have shown that their spawning migrations can be long. Changes in the environmental conditions have been disadvantageous. Populations in Kattegat and Danish belts decreased in 1980's and early 1990's due to discharge of nutritive salts. Wadden sea is still an excellent nursery ground (Ref.35388).

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 115185)

  Preocupação menor (LC) 

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless



Utilização humana

Pescarias: altamente comercial; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe desportivo: sim; Aquário: Aquários públicos

Ferramentas

E-book | Guia de campo | Chaves de identificação | Ferramenta auxiliar de frequências de comprimento | Ferramenta sobre a história de vida | Mapa dos pontos | Classification Tree

Relatórios especiais

Consultar manutenção em aquários | Consultar ficha de espécies | Consultar fichas de aquacultura

Descarregue XML

Página de resumo | Dado pontual | Nomes comuns | Fotografias

Fontes da internet

BHL | Consultar outros websites | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO(pescarias: produção, perfil da espécie; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | GenBank(genoma, nucleotídeo) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | Bases de dados nacionais | Aquários públicos | PubMed | Scirus | Sea Around Us | SeaLifeBase | Árvore da vida | uBio | uBio RSS | Wikipedia(ir para, procurar) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registo zoológico | Fishtrace

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
 PD50 = 0.6250 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278)
 3.2   ±0.50 se; Based on food items.

Resiliência (Ref. 69278)
 Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.06-0.34; tm=2-6; tmax=30; Fec=50,000)

Vulnerabilidade (Ref. 59153)
 High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100)
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766)
 Medium