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Sphyraena jello  Cuvier, 1829

Pickhandle barracuda
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Image of Sphyraena jello (Pickhandle barracuda)
Sphyraena jello
Picture by Field, R.


Indonesia country information

Common names: Alu alu, Alu-alu, Alu-alu
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: gamefish: yes;
Comments: Recorded from Raja Ampat Islands, Togean and Banggai Islands and Pulau Weh; with an Indonesian distribution from Papua to Sumatra (Ref. 47567). Common in the Gulf of Thailand (Ref. 9768). Also Ref. 2116.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo, 1993
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Main reference

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 150 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2871); common length : 120 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5450); max. published weight: 11.5 kg (Ref. 40637)

Environment

Marine; brackish; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 20 - 200 m (Ref. 28016), usually ? - 60 m (Ref. 90102)

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred 26°C (Ref. 107945); 27°N - 37°S, 29°E - 152°E

Distribution

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea (Ref. 12541) south to the southeastern coast of South Africa and east to New Caledonia and Vanuatu. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Due to a widespread confusion with Sphyraena putnamae and Sphyraena qenie, the exact range is uncertain.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 7 - 9. Body with dark bars crossing lateral line, each bar oblique in upper half, but nearly vertical in lower half; caudal fin largely yellowish.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found near prominent current-swept lagoon or seaward reefs (Ref. 9710); also in bays, estuaries and turbid inner lagoons (Ref. 9768). Diurnal and solitary, although the young form schools. Feeds mainly on fishes but also takes squid. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31637)



Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

More information

Common names
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Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
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Fecundity
Eggs
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References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
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Genetics
Allele frequencies
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Ciguatera
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Otoliths
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Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
4.5   ±0.6 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.10)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Very high vulnerability (75 of 100)
Price category (Ref. 80766)
Medium