Indonesia country information

Common names: Kutjingan, Lemuru, Lemuru kutjing
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Soerjodinoto, R., 1960
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Strait of Bali, south of Ternate and Djakarta Bay and off Central Java. Fished during rainy season with ca. 15-20 days/mo. active fishing with 'payang besar' or 'djala oras' seine nets. Museum: NTM S.10733-032 (TGT1255) (Ref. 5978).
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens) > Dorosomatinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

سردينة بالي, 黄泽小沙丁鱼, Sardinelle de Bali, ... more

Main reference

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. (Ref. 188)
References | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 23.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 188); common length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 188)

Length at first maturity
L_m ?, range 14 - 15 cm

Environment

Marine; pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 15 - 100 m (Ref. 12260)

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred 28°C (Ref. 107945); 38°N - 33°S, 97°E - 134°E (Ref. 54869)

Distribution

Eastern Indian Ocean: Phuket, Thailand; southern coasts of East Java and Bali; and Western Australia. Western Pacific: Java Sea, Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan Island, southern Japan. Can not be distinguished as yet on morphological grounds from Sardinella aurita which occurs in the Atlantic Ocean.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13-21; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 12 - 23. A faint golden spot behind gill opening, followed by a faint golden mid-lateral line; a distinct black spot at hind border of gill cover (absence of pigment). Body elongate, sub-cylindrical. Distinguished from all other clupeids in the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific by its pelvic fin ray count of i 8; from S. longiceps by its shorter head length and fewer lower gill rakers.

Adults form large schools in coastal waters, particularly in the Bali Strait upwelling. Found in sheltered bays and lagoons (Ref. 48635). They feed on phytoplankton and zooplankton, chiefly copepods. Time series analysis (Ref. 9586) suggests that recruitment fluctuations are related to ENSO events, as defined in Ref. 9577, 9578 and 9580.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: highly commercial

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
2.5 ±0.00 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.8-1.3; tmax=4.5)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Low vulnerability (18 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low

Sardinella lemuru Bleeker, 1853