Germany (Federal Republic of) country information

Common names: Eishai, Grönlandhai, Grundhai
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/gm.html
National Fisheries Authority: https://www.ble.de/index.cfm?8C712107D9244972B3C193AC1917DCE7#Handelsbezeichnungen
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., 1984
National Database: AGRDEU

Classificação / Names

Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) > Squaliformes (Bramble, sleeper and dogfish sharks) > Somniosidae (Sleeper sharks)
Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Акула полярная атлантическая, Laimargue du Groenland, Tollo de Groenlandia, ... more

Referência principal

Yano, K., J.D. Stevens and L.J.V. Compagno. 2004. (Ref. 50224)
Referências | Bibliografia | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Max length : 730 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 247); Peso máx. publicado: 775.0 kg (Ref. 4699); Idade máx. registada: 392 anos (Ref. 110949)

Length at first maturity
L_m ?, range 244 - 427 cm

Ambiente

; marinhas; estuarina bentopelágico; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 2200 m (Ref. 247), usually 200 - 600 m (Ref. 35388)

Clima / Intervalo

Deep-water; 1°C - 12°C (Ref. 247), preferred 6°C (Ref. 107945); 83°N - 35°N, 95°W - 61°E

Distribuição

Arctic and North Atlantic.
Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Introduções

Descrição breve

Espinhos dorsais (total): 0; Raios dorsais moles (total): 0; Espinhos anais 0; Raios anais moles: 0; Vértebras: 41 - 44. A gigantic, heavily-bodied dogfish shark with a moderately long, rounded snout and small, low dorsal fins; lower caudal lobe long; upper jaw with small single-cusped teeth and lower jaw with moderate-sized, bent-cusped, slicing teeth (Ref. 5578). Medium grey or brown in color, sometimes with transverse dark bands or small light spots (Ref. 5578).

Found on continental and insular shelves and upper slopes down to at least 1,200 m (Ref. 247) and to as deep as 2,200 m (Ref. 55584). Epibenthic-pelagic (Ref. 58426). In the Arctic and boreal Atlantic, it occurs inshore in the intertidal and at the surface in shallow bays and river mouths during colder months, retreating to depths of 180- 550 m when the temperature rises (Ref. 247). Feeds on pelagic and bottom fishes (herring, Atlantic salmon, Arctic char, capelin, redfish, sculpins, lumpfish, cod, haddock, Atlantic halibut, Greenland halibut and skates (Ref. 5951)), sharks and skates (Ref. 5578), seals and small cetaceans, sea birds, squids, crabs, amphipods, marine snails, brittle stars, sea urchins, and jellyfish (Ref. 247, 58240). Radiocarbon dating of eye lens nuclei from 28 caught female Greenland sharks (81-502 cm TL) revealed a life span of at least 272 years, the oldest being nearly 400 years; age of sexual maturity is about 150 years. This large species is slow-growing and (Ref. 110949). Petromyzon marinus was reported to have been attached to S. microcephalus (Ref. 58185). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). Also utilized fresh and dried for human and sled-dog food (flesh is said to be toxic when fresh); eskimos also used the skin to make boots, and the sharp lower dental bands as knives for cutting hair (Ref. 247). A very sluggish shark (Ref. 28609).

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 115185)

Quase ameaçada (NT)

Ameaça para o homem

Poisonous to eat (Ref. 4690)

Utilização humana

Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim

Mais informação

Países
Áreas FAO
Ecossistemas
Ocorrências
Introduções
Stocks
Ecologia
Dieta
Itens alimentares
Consumo alimentar
Ração

Nomes comuns
Sinónimos
Metabolismo
Predadores
Ecotoxicologia
Reprodução
Maturidade
Desova
Fecundidade
Ovos
Desenvolvimento dos ovos

Idade/Tamanho
Crescimento
Comprimento-peso
Comprimento-comprimento
Frequência de comprimento
Morfometria
Morfologia
Larvas
Dinâmica larvar
Recrutamento
Abundância

Referências
Aquacultura
Perfil para aquacultura
Estirpes
Genética
Frequência dos alelos
Hereditariedade
Doenças
Processamento
Mass conversion

Colaboradores
Fotografias
Stamps, Coins
Sons
Ciguatera
Velocidade
Tipo de natação
Área branquial
Outras referências
Cérebros
Visão

Ferramentas

Relatórios especiais

Consultar manutenção em aquários | Consultar ficha de espécies | Consultar fichas de aquacultura

Descarregue XML

Página de resumo | Dado pontual | Nomes comuns | Fotografias

Fontes da internet

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5313 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278)
4.2 ±0.6 se; Based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 69278)
Muito baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população maior que 14 anos (Fec=10; assuming tm>10)

Vulnerabilidade (Ref. 59153)
Very high vulnerability (90 of 100)

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766)
Low

Somniosus microcephalus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)