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Pseudotolithus senegallus  (Cuvier, 1830)

Law croaker
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2100
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Pseudotolithus senegallus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pseudotolithus senegallus (Law croaker)
Pseudotolithus senegallus
Picture by IGFA


Gambia country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in the Gambia River (Ref. 28587).
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ga.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Issue
The species Pseudotolithus brachygnathus Bleeker, 1863 is considered as valid in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jul. 2010: Ref. 84883) according to Afonso et al. (1999: Ref. 34088).

Main reference

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 230 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); common length : 85.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); max. published weight: 12.5 kg (Ref. 40637)

Length at first maturity
Lm 30.3  range ? - ? cm

Environment

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 0 - 150 m

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred 26°C (Ref. 107945); 16°N - 17°S

Distribution

Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania (Ref. 5377) to Angola.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 26-27. Body elongated; mouth short and large, chin without barbels; teeth fine (Ref. 5377).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found over mud and sandy bottoms, enters coastal lagoons and estuaries. Feeds on small fish and crustaceans. Flesh highly appreciated; caught by artisanal fishers (Ref. 5377).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Threat to humans

  Harmless



Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes

More information

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
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Tools

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Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD50 = 0.5156 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.9   ±0.67 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming tmax>10)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Very high vulnerability (78 of 100)
Price category (Ref. 80766)
High