Gambia country information

Common names: Tialo
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: FAO, 1992
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Known from coast of Atlantic Ocean (Ref. 188) and Gambia River (Ref. 188, 45752, 78745).
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ga.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens) > Dorosomatinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Бонга, Ethmalose d'Afrique, Sábalo africano, ... more

Main reference

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. (Ref. 188)
References | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5377); common length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26999)

Length at first maturity
L_m 17.0 range ? - 18.5 cm

Environment

Marine; freshwater; brackish; pelagic-neritic; catadromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - ? m (Ref. 54436), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 54436)

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 25°N - 8°S, 17°W - 14°E (Ref. 54436)

Distribution

Atlantic Ocean: Eastern central Atlantic Ocean from Dakhla in Western Sahara to Lobito Bay in Angola (Ref. 188, 81269, 81631). Reports from Cape Verde Islands are based on an erroneous type locality for Clupea fimbriata by Bowdich (1825) which was followed by later authors (Ref. 188).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16-19; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 19 - 23. Diagnosis: Ethmalosa fimbriata is distinguished from other clupeids by the presence of a median notch on the upper jaw, into which tip of lower jaw fits (Ref. 188, 81269). A faint dark spot behind gill cover, sometimes followed by others; dorsal fin tip black; caudal fin deep chrome yellow; golden tints on body (Ref. 188). Ethmalosa fimbriata resembles Sardinella aurita, Sardinella rouxi and especially Sardinella maderensis, but these are more slender, have a rounded upper jaw which is not notched and the upper gillrakers are not bent upward like an elbow (Ref. 188).

Ethmalosa fimbriata is found in coastal and estuarine regions, and sometimes also in lower courses of coastal rivers, even more than 300 km up rivers (Ref. 188, 81269, 81631). It feeds by filtering phytoplankton, chiefly diatoms (Ref. 188). It breeds throughout the year in waters of salinities 3.5-38 ppt, but with peaks in at least some areas; spawns in the sea, in estuaries and in rivers (Ref. 188).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: experimental

More information

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Ecology
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Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
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Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
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Length-weight
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Morphometrics
Morphology
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References
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Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 1.0000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
2.5 ±0.20 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.25-0.36; tm=1; Fec=16,000)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Low vulnerability (21 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
High

Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdich, 1825)