Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 114 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 89707); max. published weight: 22.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
Environment
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 50 - ? m (Ref. 89707)
Climate / Range
Subtropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 32°N - 10°S, 117°W - 77°W (Ref. 5222)
Distribution
Eastern Pacific: southern California in the USA to Peru, including Revillagigedo, Clipperton and the Galapagos islands. It is the most abundant small grouper in the northern Gulf of California.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Short description
Dorsal
spines
(total): 10;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 16-18;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: generally pale reddish brown covered with numerous dark brown spots; 5 faint oblique dark bars on body; body depth less than head length, 2.6-3.0 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.5 times in SL; shallow notch above the angle of preopercle, serrae at angle slightly enlarged; slightly convex upper edge of operculum; subequal posterior and anterior nostrils; pelvic fins shorter than pectoral fins and their origin below or behind lower end of pectoral fin base; rounded caudal fin; ctenoid midlateral-body scales, with numerous auxiliary scales (Ref. 089707).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Tools
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Internet sources
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
3.8 ±0.64 se; Based on food items.
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Assuming tm=2-4)
Vulnerability
High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100)
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