Bulgaria country information

Common names: Safrid
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Ставрида средиземноморская, Chinchard à queue jaune, Jurel mediterráneo, ... more

Main reference

Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1986. (Ref. 4233)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 60.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397)

Length at first maturity
L_m 20.0 range ? - ? cm

Environment

Marine; brackish; pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 500 m, usually 5 - 250 m (Ref. 54928)

Climate / Range

Subtropical, preferred 19°C (Ref. 107945); 49°N - 28°N, 13°W - 43°E (Ref. 54928)

Distribution

Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Mauritania including the Mediterranean Sea. The subspecies Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus occurs in the Marmara and Black seas, southern and western parts of the Azov Sea.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Adults are found usually near the bottom, at times also in surface waters; pelagic and migratory in large schools. They feed on other fishes especially sardines, anchovies, etc. and small crustaceans (Ref. 4233). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5001 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.8 ±0.3 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.22; tmax=12)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low

Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)