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Oncorhynchus mykiss  (Walbaum, 1792)

Rainbow trout
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Image of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout)
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Picture by McDowall, R.M.

country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence:
Salinity:
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information:
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
National Database:

分类 / Names

Actinopterygii 辐鳍鱼纲 (条鳍鱼) > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Микижа, 虹鳟, Truite arc-en-ciel, ... more

主要参考文献

Gall, G.A.E. and P.A. Crandell. 1992. (Ref. 4706)
 参考文献 | 文献记录 | 合作者 | 合作者

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Max length : 122 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 96339); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5504); 最大体重: 25.4 kg (Ref. 7251); 最大年龄: 11 年 (Ref. 12193)

Length at first maturity
 Lm ?  range ? - ? cm

环境

; 海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 50550)

气候 / 范围

10°C - 24°C (Ref. 12741), preferred 8°C (Ref. 107945); 67°N - 32°N, 135°E - 117°W

分布

Native to Pacific Slope from Kuskokwim River, Alaska to (at least) Rio Santa Domingo, Baja California, Mexico; upper Mackenzie River drainage (Arctic basin), Alberta and British Columbia in Canada; endorheic basins of southern Oregon, USA. Widely introduced in cold waters elsewhere in North America and rest of the world (Ref. 5723). Eastern Pacific: Kamchatkan Peninsula and have been recorded from the Commander Islands east of Kamchatka and sporadically in the Sea of Okhotsk as far south as the mouth of the Amur River along the mainland. The records outside Kamchatka probably represent migrating or straying Kamchatkan steelhead (penshinensis) rather than the established native population (Reg. 50080). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 简介

简单描述

背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 10-12; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 12; 脊椎骨: 60 - 66. Body elongate, somewhat compressed especially in larger fish. No nuptial tubercles but minor changes to head, mouth and color occur especially in spawning males. Coloration varies with habitat, size, and sexual condition. Stream residents and spawners darker, colors more intense. Lake residents lighter, brighter, and more silvery. Caudal fin with 19 rays (Ref. 2196). Differs from Oncorhynchus gorbuscha by having the following unique characters: by having the following unique characters: anal fin with 6-9½ (usually 8½ ) branched rays; 115-130 scales in midlateral row; 16-17 gill rakers; breeding males lacking hump; juveniles lacking parr marks; wide pink to red stripe from head to caudal base, except in sea-run form; and juveniles with 5-10 parr marks (Ref. 59043).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Adults inhabit cold headwaters, creeks, small to large rivers, and lakes. Anadromous in coastal streams (Ref. 5723). Stocked in almost all water bodies as lakes, rivers and streams, usually not stocked in water reaching summer temperatures above 25°C or ponds with very low oxygen concentrations. Feed on a variety of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates and small fishes. At the sea, they prey on fish and cephalopods. Mature individuals undertake short spawning migrations. Anadromous and lake forms may migrate long distances to spawning streams (Ref. 59043). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned, and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Cultured in many countries and is often hatched and stocked into rivers and lakes especially to attract recreational fishers (Ref. 9988).

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 115185)

  不评价 

对人类的威胁

 



人类利用

渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的

工具

Bio-Quiz | E-book | 野外调查 | 检索表 | 长度- 频率 Wizard | 生活- 历史的工具 | 分布图 | Classification Tree

特别资料

核实 相关养殖管理页面 | 核实 相关物种介绍页面 | 核实 相关水产介绍页面

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摘要页面 | 点图资料 | 俗名 | 图片

网络资源

Alien/Invasive Species database | BHL | BOLDSystems | 核实 相关其他页面 | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO(养殖: 产生, 物种外形; 渔业: 产生; publication : search) | GenBank(基因组, 核苷酸) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | 国家资料库 | 公众的水族馆 | PubMed | 参考资料的核实 | Scirus | 周边海洋 | SeaLifeBase | 树状分类阶层 | uBio | uBio RSS | Wikipedia(转至, 搜寻) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录 | Fishtrace

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
 PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

营养阶层 (Ref. 69278)
 4.1   ±0.3 se; Based on diet studies.

回复力 (Ref. 69278)
 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.38-0.46; tm=2-5; tmax=11; Fec=200)

脆弱性 (Ref. 59153)
 Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100)
价格分类 (Ref. 80766)
 Low