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Cyprinus carpio  Linnaeus, 1758

Common carp
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Cyprinus carpio
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country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence:
Salinity:
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information:
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
National Database:

分類 / Names

Actinopterygii 輻鰭魚綱 (條鰭魚) > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Cyprininae
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Carpa común, 鲤, Сазан(=карп), ... more

主要參考資料

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof. 2007. (Ref. 59043)
 參考文獻 | 文獻記錄 | 合作者 | 合作者

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 27549); common length : 31.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3561); 最大體重: 40.1 kg (Ref. 72380); 最大年齡: 38 年 (Ref. 72479)

Length at first maturity
 Lm 34.9, range 25 - 36 cm

環境

; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243)

氣候 / 範圍

3°C - 35°C (Ref. 12741), preferred ?; 60°N - 22°N, 7°E - 144°E

分布

Europe to Asia: Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins. Introduced throughout the world. Wild stocks are only present naturally in rivers draining to the Black, Caspian and Aral Sea (Ref. 59043). A reophilic wild population in the Danube is assumed to be the origin of the European species; this population is now under threat (Ref. 13696).

 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介

簡短描述

背棘 (總數): 3 - 4; 背的軟條 (總數): 17-23; 臀棘 2-3; 臀鰭軟條: 5 - 6; 脊椎骨: 36 - 37. Diagnosed from other cyprinid species in Europe by having the following characters: 2 pairs of barbels; dorsal fin with 15-20½ branched rays; caudal fin deeply emarginate (Ref. 59043). Pharyngeal teeth 1, 1, 3:3, 1,1, robust, molar-like with crown flattened or somewhat furrowed. Scales large and thick. `Wild carp ' is generally distinguished by its less stocky build with height of body 1:3.2-4.8 in standard length. Very variable in form, proportions, squamation, development of fins, and color. Caudal fin with 3 spines and 17-19 rays (Ref. 2196). Last simple anal ray bony and serrated posteriorly; 4 barbels; 17-20 branched dorsal rays; body grey to bronze (Ref. 43281). Also Ref. 3398, 3410.

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Adults inhabit warm, deep, slow-flowing and still waters such as lowland rivers and large, well vegetated lakes (Ref. 59043). Hardy and tolerant of a wide variety of conditions but generally favor large water bodies with slow flowing or standing water and soft bottom sediments. Thrive in large turbid rivers (Ref. 1998). Most active at dusk and dawn. Both adults and juveniles feed on a variety of benthic organisms and plant material. Spawns along shores or in backwaters. Adults often undertake considerable spawning migration to suitable backwaters and flooded meadows. Larvae survive only in very warm water among shallow submerged vegetation. River regulation and hybridization with domesticated stocks, East Asian congeners and their hybrids have caused continuous decline of wild populations (Ref. 59043). Utilized fresh and frozen (Ref. 9987). Aquarium keeping: in groups of 5 or more individuals; minimum aquarium size >200 cm; not recommended for home aquariums (Ref. 51539).

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 115185)

  次級保育類動物, 見 IUCN 紅皮書 (VU) (A2ce)

對人類具威脅

 



人類使用

漁業: 高經濟性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性

工具

Bio-Quiz | E-book | 野外調查 | 檢索表 | 長度- 頻率 Wizard | 生活- 歷史的工具 | 分布圖 | Classification Tree

特別的報告

查看水族館維護 | 查看魚種資料頁 | 查看水產資料頁

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摘要頁 | 點圖資料 | 俗名 | 相片

網路資源

Alien/Invasive Species database | BHL | BOLDSystems | 查看其他網站 | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO(養殖: 產生, 魚種描繪; 漁業: 產生, 魚種描繪; publication : search) | GenBank(基因組, 核甘) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | 國家資料庫 | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Scirus | 周邊海洋 | SeaLifeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | uBio | uBio RSS | Wikipedia(去, 搜尋) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄 | Fishtrace

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
 PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

營養階層 (Ref. 69278)
 3.1   ±0.0 se; Based on diet studies.

回復力 (Ref. 69278)
 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.10-0.30; tm=1-3; tmax=20; Fec=36,000-2,000,000)

瀕危性 (Ref. 59153)
 Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100)
價格種類 (Ref. 80766)
 Unknown