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Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Rastrelliger: Latin, rastra = rake + Latin, gero = to carry.
محيط زيست / آب و هوا _ اقليم / Range
بوم شناسي
; دريايي; لب شور; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 15 - 200 m (Ref. 28016). Tropical; 20°C - 30°C (Ref. 54858), preferred 28°C (Ref. 107945); 18°N - 18°S, 93°E - 180°E (Ref. 54858)
Pacific Ocean: Andaman Sea to Thailand, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands and Fiji.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 17.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.5 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 168); common length : 20.0 cm FL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 168)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل): 8 - 11; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل): 12; خارهاي باله مخرجي 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 12. Snout pointed. Maxilla covered by lachrymal bone but extending nearly to end of lacrimae. Interpelvic process small and single. Swim bladder present. Vertebrae 13 precaudal plus 18 caudal, total 31. Bristles on longest gill raker about 150 on one side in specimens of 12.7 cm, 210 in specimens of 16 cm, and 240 in specimens of 19 cm fork length. Anal spine rudimentary.
Found in estuarine habitats with slightly reduced salinities and in areas where surface temperature range between 20° and 30°C, forming schools of equally sized individuals. Batch spawning is believed to extend from March through September (Ref. 9684). Feeds chiefly on microzooplankton with a high phytoplankton component. Marketed fresh, frozen, canned, dried salted and smoked.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
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منابع اينترنتي
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00601 - 0.01909), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.31 se; Based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref.
69278): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.6-1.6; tmax=2).
Prior r = 4.76, 2 SD range = 1.89 - 11.99, log(r) = 1.56, SD log(r) = 0.46, Based on: 3 M, 38 K, 1 tmax, records
آسيب پذيری (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100) .