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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Etelinae
Etymology: Etelis: Greek, etelis, -idos = a fish, perhaps the fish Sparus aurata (Ref. 45335). More on author: Cuvier.

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 90 - 400 m (Ref. 9821), usually 200 - 350 m (Ref. 82366). Tropical, preferred ?; 34°N - 25°S, 35°E - 150°W (Ref. 55)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia. Recorded in Three Kings Island, New Zealand (Ref. 35942). This name has been wrongly used for Etelis coruscans by some previous authors.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 61.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 127 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2016); common length : 65.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5450); max. reported age: 32 years (Ref. 92312)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Interorbital space flat. Dorsal and anal fins without scales. Scale rows on back parallel with lateral line. Color is mainly pink to red, becoming white on the lower sides and belly.

Adults inhabit rocky bottoms (Ref. 30573). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on fishes and larger invertebrates such as squids, shrimps and crabs; also takes planktonic organisms, including pelagic urochordates. An important food fish in some areas. Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 55).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes

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Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01285 - 0.01955), b=2.95 (2.89 - 3.01), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (K=0.07-0.31; tmax=35).

Prior r = 0.24, 2 SD range = 0.07 - 0.77, log(r) = -1.43, SD log(r) = 0.59, Based on: 2 M, 5 K, 1 tmax, records

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Etelis carbunculus Cuvier, 1828