Ecology of Spicara smaris
 
Main Ref. Tsangridis, A. and N. Filippousis, 1992
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Spicara smaris may be found.
Remarks

Substrate

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Vidalis, K., 1994
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit ref
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.00 0.00 Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
Ref. Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983
From individual food items 3.16 0.29 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Sa-a, Pascualita on 09.18.99
Modified by Pablico, Grace Tolentino on 09.28.04
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