| Main Ref. | Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992 | ||||
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| Distribution |
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| Remarks | large fish appear to be solitary and join schools of medium-sized individuals only over short stretches (Ref. 46637). Feeds on insects, benthic invertebrates and plants (Ref. 6258). Employs three foraging techniques, either concurrently or alternately. Windborne seeds are taken at the surface; plankton is consumed by swimming up and down and halting abruptly at periodic intervals to snap at prey. When feeding on plant material, the fish tears off pieces of the plant with a jerk of the head. This is often preceded by brief searching activity (Ref. 46637). |
| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit | variable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trophic level(s) |
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