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Ecology of Pseudupeneus maculatus
 
Main Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
 Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
 Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
 Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Pseudupeneus maculatus may be found.
Remarks Inhabits shallow waters to depths of 90 m (Ref. 9626), especially over sand and rock bottoms in reef areas. Young juveniles often found on beds of seagrass, e.g. Thalassia. Feeds on small invertebrates (Ref. 9626). Grubbers which excavate while moving, feed on bottom animals (Ref. 40396). Microinvertivore (Ref. 33499).

Substrate

Substrate : sand;: rocky;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with Cleaned by Elacatinus figaro observed off the coast of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Ref. 40102). Also cleaned by Pomacanthus paru observed at the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, off eastern Brazil (Ref. 40094).
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Randall, J.E., 1967
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit ref Randall, J.E., 1967
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.65 0.20 3.38 0.43 Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies.
Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
From individual food items 3.37 0.39 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Sa-a, Pascualita on 04.06.95
Modified by Pablico, Grace Tolentino on 10.25.07
Checked by Miranda, Lilibeth on 10.25.01
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