| 主要參考文獻 | Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns, 2001 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 分布 |
|
||||
| 附註 | Most common over gravel and sand in medium-sized rivers but can be found almost anywhere from small, fast-flowing rock-bottomed streams to vegetated lakes. |
| Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 參考文獻 | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feeding type ref | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 攝取食物的習慣 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 營養階層 (s) |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||