| Main Ref. | Anderson, M.E., 1994 | ||||
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| Distribution |
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| Remarks | Occurs on soft bottoms (Ref. 13534). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds mainly on epibenthic animals and does not seem to burrow much for prey. Smaller fish prey on smaller species like amphipods, isopods and small bivalves while larger fish prey on shrimps, euphausiids and fish (Ref. 13532). Parasites of the species include a protozoan, Trypanosoma murmanensis; a hirudinoid, Oceanobdella microstoma; and a copepod, Tanypleurus alcicornis (Ref. 5951). |
| Substrate | Soft Bottom |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | Not commercially exploited in the NW Atlantic, but occur frequently in bottom-trawl catches over broad ranges of depth and temperature (Ref. 13534); may suggest absence of aggregating behavior. |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Valtysson, H.T., 1995 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Valtysson, H.T., 1995 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trophic level(s) |
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