| Main Ref. | Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992 | ||||
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| Distribution |
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| Remarks | The only member of the family which lives in freshwater. Crepuscular and nocturnal (Ref. 11941). Inhabits deep lakes and large rivers (Ref. 5723) with slow-moving current. Seeks shelter under rocks, in crevices on the river banks, among roots of trees and dense vegetation (Ref. 30578). Those in rivers tend to congregate in deep holes throughout the year, except at spawning (Ref. 27547). Movements into shallower water during summer nights are related to feeding (Ref. 1998). Smaller individuals feed on insect larvae, crayfish, mollusks and other invertebrates with a changing preference for fishes in larger individuals (Ref. 1998). Feeds mainly on fish (Ref. 13439). |
| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | vegetation ( driftwood ); |
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| Ref. | |
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| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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