| 意見 |
Inhabits continental shelf, occurring deeper in southern parts of range (Ref. 7251). Preferred depth ranges were given as 73-90 and 128-144 m, temperatures of 6-10°C and salinities of 33-34 ppt. Feeds on herring, sand lance, alewives, menhaden, smelt, cod, haddock, mackerel, cunner, striped bass, sculpins, sea ravens, flounders, skates, crabs, squid, other molluscs, starfish, marine worms and seabirds. Parasites of the species include 1 protozoan, 6 trematodes and the larvae of the nematode Phocanema sp. (Ref. 5951). |