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Ecology of Lepidopus caudatus
 
Main Ref. Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
 Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
 Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
 Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Lepidopus caudatus may be found.
Remarks Occurs on continental shelf, along its edge and upper slope down to 400 m (600 m in Australia), usually over sandy and muddy bottoms from 100 to 250 m (over 300 m in Australia). Depth range from 333-620 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Migrates into midwater at night. Forms schools; occasionally found inshore in upwelling of deep water when it appears at surface. Feeds on crustaceans, small squid and fish (Ref. 6768).

Substrate

Substrate Soft Bottom
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit ref Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.82 0.27 3.95 0.73 Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies.
Ref. Macpherson, E., 1979
From individual food items 4.09 0.78 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Agustin, Liza Q. on 02.24.94
Modified by Pablico, Grace Tolentino on 10.25.06
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