| ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ການແຜ່ກະຈາຍ |
|
||||
| ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Most abundant from 90 m to 250 m deep and bottom temperatures of -0.5 to 2.5°C (Ref. 6263). Lives on soft bottoms (Ref. 9988). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on polychaetes, echinoderms, molluscs, crustaceans and fish. It is preyed upon by cod, halibut and Greenland sharks. Parasites of the species include 3 protozoans, 15 trematodes, 2 cestodes, 7 nematodes (including the sealworm Phocanema decipiens), 3 acanthocephalans and 2 copepods (Ref. 5951). |
| Substrate | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
|---|---|
| Associations | schooling; shoaling; |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | Reported vertical distribution pattern of American plaice aggregations in response to temperature changes; reference to deepwater and shallow-water aggregations (Ref. 94968). Spawning adults migrate from greater depths into shoaler grounds before spawning (Ref. 43395). Tagging studies show this species is relatively sedentary and form discrete populations with only short seasonal depth migrations as a response to water temperature changes; with populations tending to return to the same areas with little mixing (geographically isolated) (Ref. 86779). |
| Parasitism |
| ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feeding type ref | Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||