| 主要參考文獻 | Sala, E. and E. Ballesteros, 1997 | ||||
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| 分布 |
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| 附註 | Inhabits coastal rocky reef areas (Ref. 12460) and Posidonia oceanica beds. Like other sparids, it is very active and frequents the surf zone, primarily at dawn (Ref. 13780). Diurnal omnivore feeding on algae, sea-urchins, worms, gastropods and amphipods (Ref. 55064). Important predators of sea urchins in Azorean coastal habitats (Ref. 55064). Feeds on shellfish and other benthic invertebrates which it picks from the sediment (Ref. 5377). |
| Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 參考文獻 | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Sala, E. and E. Ballesteros, 1997 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Maigret, J. and B. Ly, 1986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 營養階層 (s) |
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