| อ้างอิงหลัก | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 | ||||
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| การแพร่กระจาย |
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| ข้อสังเกต | Generally in neritic waters over the continental shelf (Ref. 5217). Ascends rivers (Ref. 26938). Juveniles abundant in brackish estuaries with muddy bottoms, near sandy beaches and on seagrass beds (Ref. 5217). Forms fast-moving schools, although larger fish may be solitary. Feeds on smaller fish, shrimp, and other invertebrates (Ref. 5521). Often grunts or croaks when caught. Are piscivores when adults (Ref. 26987). |
| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| อ้างอิง | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| วิธีการให้อาหาร | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| นิสัยในการกินอาหาร | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ระดับชั้นอาหาร |
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